Myocardial anisotropy and multiphasic electrograms. Simulations study in a monoventricular model

Unipolar epicardial electrograms are affected by the fiber structure and anisotropy of the myocardial tissue. The electrogram shape can vary from monophasic to pentaphasic. This problem is investigated by means of a mathematical model of the left ventricle with the myocardium represented by an anisotropic bidomain. Simulated and recorded electrograms are compared. The analysis of the electrogram shape is facilitated by a splitting of the sources, the potential distribution and the electrograms into axial and conormal components.