Inhibition of bacterial ?-, ?- and ?-class carbonic anhydrases with selenazoles incorporating benzenesulfonamide moieties

A series of benzenesulfonamides incorporating selenazoles with diverse substitution patterns were investigated as inhibitors of six bacterial carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from bacterial pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori (hpCA? was the investigated enzyme), Vibrio cholerae (all the three CAs from this pathogen were considered, VchCA?, VchCA? and VchCA?) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (with its two CAs, BpsCA? and BpsCA?). All these sulfonamides were effective CA inhibitors, with potencies in the low micromolar or submicromolar range, making them attractive as lead compounds for designing antibacterials with a novel mechanism of action, which could counteract the extensive resistance problem observed with many clinically used antibiotics.