Preparation, characterisation, and photocatalytic behaviour of Co- TiO2 with visible light response

The preparation of cobalt-modified TiO2 (Co- TiO2) was carried out by the incipient impregnation method starting from commercial TiO2 (Degussa, P-25) and cobalt acetate. XPS data show that cobalt is incorporated as divalent ion, and it is likely present within few subsurface layers. No appreciable change in structural-morphologic properties, such as surface area and anatase/rutile phase ratio, was observed. Conversely, Co addition brings about conspicuous changes in the point of zero charge and in surface polarity. Diffuse reflectance spectra feature a red shift in light absorption that is dependent on the amount of cobalt.The influence of cobalt addition on the performance of TiO2 as a photocatalyst in the degradation of 4-chlorophenol and Bisphenol A is investigated. The results show that the modified oxide presents a higher photoactivity both for illumination with UV-visible ( >360 nm) and visible light ( >420 nm; >450 nm), and that this enhancement depends on the amount of the added species and on the final thermal treatment in the preparation step. We also show that Co- TiO2 is a more active catalyst than pure TiO2 for the reduction of O2 in the dark, which is an important reaction in the overall photocatalytic processes.