Anomalous scaling and universality in hydrodynamic systems with power-law forcing

The problem of the interplay between normal and anomalous scaling in turbulent systems stirred by a random forcing with a power-law spectrum is addressed. We consider both linear and nonlinear systems. As for the linear case, we study passive scalars advected by a 2d velocity field in the inverse cascade regime. For the nonlinear case, we review a recent investigation of 3d Navier–Stokes turbulence, and we present new quantitative results for shell models of turbulence. We show that to get firm statements, it is necessary to reach considerably high resolutions due to the presence of unavoidable subleading terms affecting all correlation functions. All findings support universality of anomalous scaling for the small-scale fluctuations.