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Marmilla has been a region contended by different powers for its strategic position and natural resources; an area exploited especially for cereal production from protohistoric times. In this paper, we present the results of geomorphological, stratigraphic, geoarchaeological and historical research aimed at reconstructing the landscape history, the evaluation of the anthropogenic impact on soil evolution and natural processes. Geoarchaeological surveys have shown that the present soils are the result of long periods of accumulation and reworking linked to intense agricultural exploitation. The stratigraphic study of cores has recorded good geomorphological conditions in this landscape and no evidence of extreme hydrogeological events, that has favored both the constant presence of settlements and the exploitation of the soils from proto history to this day.