Image reconstruction and identification of noise and instrumental artifacts using radon transform: a challenge for medical imaging techniques

Computed Tomography as well as Magnetic Resonance or Positron Electron Tomography are currently the most commonly used medical imaging modalities for the analysis of human body complex structures and organs, where diseases must be recognized and identified. The image reconstruction process used in these tomography techniques is usually based on the Radon Transform (RT). In this paper, an algorithm based on Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for reconstruction of 2D-3D structures is introduced, including correction of noise and of some instrumental artifacts directly from the RT sinograms. The results can be applied to any RT-based medical imaging technologies.