Census results on artificial reefs in the Mediterranean Sea

In 1991 Mediterranean existing artificial reefs and researches carried out in this field were surveyed using a census through questionnaire. A total of 69 bottom artificial reefs were identified in Italy, Monaco, France, Spain and Israel. Concrete is the most popular material for the construction of artificial structures. Repopulation and protection of certain areas against illegal fishing are as the most dominant reasons for artificial reef realization. In Italy mariculture initiatives associated with artificial reefs have been also carried out. At present Italy and Spain seem to be the most active countries in the development of artificial reefs for repopulation of aquatic habitats and enhancement of professional fishery. Census clearly reveals lack of communication and poor collaboration among Mediterranean countries involved in this field. Because of this it could be useful to establish a data center collecting not only all the information concerning the Mediterranean artificial reefs but also all the initiatives in Europe.