Efficiency evaluation of chemical and physical methods for the removal of spray paints from marble substrates

The graphic vandalism is considered one of the most important topics in the field of conservation of cultural heritage. The most widespread means used for the acts of vandalism are the felt-tip pens and the aerosol paints. These tools irreversibly damage the stone substrates, changing their appearance and conservation state. The aim of this article is to compare and characterize four different cleaning approaches in terms of their efficacy and invasiveness in the removal of the specific brand spray used as dirtying material.