Three-Dimensional Through-Wall Sensing of Moving Targets Using Passive Multistatic Radars

This paper deals with the localization of moving targets in a three-dimensional (3-D) space by a passive multistatic through-wall radar system. Receiving sensors are deployed around the surveillance area to gather the electromagnetic signals scattered from targets, which are illuminated by opportunistic sources present in the environment. A single frequency operation of the system is assumed in view of the narrowband nature of sources commonly encountered in practical situations. The localization task is undertaken by using an inverse source-based approach, where the unknown targets are estimated as the supports of current distributions induced over their volume/surface. A multiarray image fusion strategy is applied to mitigate the lack of resolution associated with the single frequency receiver operation. The change detection is used to detect and localize animate targets in the scene. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach is assessed by numerical tests based on full-wave synthetic data.