Temperature influence on the synthesis of pristine graphene oxide and graphite oxide

Derivative oxide carbon materials, such as graphene or graphite oxides, have been recently considered to
be a promising material in a wide scenarios of emerging technologies due to their physical and chemical
properties, as well as, for their low production costs. Even if apparently similar, these materials exhibit
different physical and chemical properties. One of the critical issue is associated with the exfoliation
process and contributes to the formation of graphene oxide and graphite oxide material. Here, we show a
single synthetic wet method to produce graphene or graphite oxide by applying a control of the operational
temperature during the reaction. The process was optimised to obtain the pristine graphite oxide
at low temperature (T ¼ 0 C) and the pristine graphene oxide at higher temperature (T ¼ 30 C). Finally,
the peculiar features of these materials were described using spectroscopic, structural and morphological
measurements.